Shona in Zimbabwe

Speakers

11,251,734

Type

Location

Country

Information available

1. Basics

Names

Shona in Zimbabwe

Size

11,251,734

The Shona people are a linguistic group comprising the following language varieties or dialects; ChiKaranga, ChiManyika, ChiZezuru, ChiKorekore, and ChiTeve/ChiNyai. Shona-speaking groups are also found in neighbouring Mozambique, and recently in Kenya where the language is now officially recognised by the Kenyan Government. Although there is a considerable number of Shona dialects, there is evidence that suggests that they all came from the same genealogical tree. The Shona are found in seven (7) of the country’s ten (10) provinces in Masvingo, Harare, Mashonaland East, Mashonaland Central, Mashonaland West, Manicaland and Midlands. There are 11,251,734 (80.9%) mother-tongue speakers of the Shona language in Zimbabwe.

2. Status

Status

  • Official country wide language
  • Official regional language
  • Official minority language
  • Recognised community language
  • Unrecognised community language
National language
No
Indigenous language
No
Administrative units of the country
The Shona are found in seven (7) of the country’s ten (10) provinces in Masvingo, Harare, Mashonaland East, Mashonaland Central, Mashonaland West, Manicaland and Midlands.

3. State

Documentation: materials

Written

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Video

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Audio

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Documentation: descriptions

Standardization

Graphisation & script encoding

4. Users

Geographical distribution

  • Users live and dominate in all regions of the country
  • Users live in one [state/...] of the country
  • Users live in a cross-border region [state/...] of the country
  • Users live in separated [states/...] of the country
  • Users live dispersed across one [state/...] of the country
  • Users live scattered all over the country
Administrative units of the country
The Shona are found in seven (7) of the country’s ten (10) provinces in Masvingo, Harare, Mashonaland East, Mashonaland Central, Mashonaland West, Manicaland and Midlands.

Size / Number of users

Number of users

11251734
Source
Zimbabwe Census Report 2022
Year
2022

Users within total population

80.90000
More than 50% use the language

PROPORTION

Actual percentage
81
Source
Zimbabwe Census Report 2022
Year
2022

Users within the reference community

Age distribution of users

percentage of members of middle generations (15-65)

Age distribution of users

0
percentage of members of young generations (< 15)

Age distribution of users

percentage of members of older generations (> 65)

Generational use

Educational attainment

No education
Early childhood education
Primary education
Lower secondary education
Higher secondary education
Tertiary education

Occupational qualifications

Elementary occupations
Plant and machine operators and assemblers
Craft and related trades workers
Skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery workers
Services and sales workers
Clerical support workers
Technicians and associate professionals
Professionals
Managers

Language competence

Language not used
Understand little, speak/sign none
Understand some, speak/sign little
Understand well, speak/sign some
Understand all, speak/sign well
Understand all, speak/sign fluently

Literacy of users

Digital use

5. Use

Socio-geographic dimension

Geographic scope
  • International
  • Supranational
  • Cross-border (states)
  • State-wide
  • Supra-regional cross-border
  • Supra-regional
  • Regional cross-border
  • Regional
  • Local
Comments
Shona-speaking groups are also found in neighbouring Mozambique, and recently in Kenya where the language is now officially recognised by the Kenyan Government.

Economic dimension

Functional dimension

Functional scope
  • Public domains
  • Everyday domains
  • Private domains
Functional scope
  • Public domains
  • Everyday domains
  • Private domains
Functional scope
  • Public domains
  • Everyday domains
  • Private domains

Functional use in administration

Ethnoculture

Formal Education

Early childhood education
Primary level
Lower secondary level
Higher secondary level
Tertiary level

Public healthcare

Information, communication and cultural production

Completion