Ewondo in Cameroon

Speakers

578,000

Type

Location

Ewondo in Cameroon

Country

Information available

1. Basics

Names

Ewondo in Cameroon

Size

578,000

2. Status

Status

  • Official country wide language
  • Official regional language
  • Official minority language
  • Recognised community language
  • Unrecognised community language
National language
Yes
Indigenous language
No
Administrative units of the country
Centre region: all except east Méfou division; Mfoundi and Nyong-and-So’o
divisions; southern Nyong-and-Mfoumou division; South region: north Océan division
Comments
Originated in the forests south of the Sanaga river (East Region, Central Region and Littoral Region of Cameroon)

3. State

Documentation: materials

4. Users

Geographical distribution

  • Users live and dominate in all regions of the country
  • Users live in one [state/...] of the country
  • Users live in a cross-border region [state/...] of the country
  • Users live in separated [states/...] of the country
  • Users live dispersed across one [state/...] of the country
  • Users live scattered all over the country

Settlements

  • Rural
  • Urban
Administrative units of the country
Centre region: all except east Méfou division; Mfoundi and Nyong-and-So’o divisions; southern Nyong-and-Mfoumou division; South region: north Océan division

Size / Number of users

Number of users

578000
Source
1982 SIL
Year
1982

Users within total population

6.20000
Less than 10% use the language

PROPORTION

6
Source
1982 SIL
Year
1981

Generational use

50
All generations

Educational attainment

Primary education

Occupational qualifications

Elementary occupations
Craft and related trades workers
Skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery workers

Language competence

Understand all, speak/sign fluently
Understand well, speak/sign some

Literacy of users

Less than 50% of users with literacy in the language

Digital use

More than 50% digital users of the language

5. Use

Socio-geographic dimension

Geographic scope
  • International
  • Supranational
  • Cross-border (states)
  • State-wide
  • Supra-regional cross-border
  • Supra-regional
  • Regional cross-border
  • Regional
  • Local

Economic dimension

Economic scope
  • Quinary sector
  • Quaternary sector
  • Tertiary sector
  • Secondary sector
  • Primary sector
  • Language not used
Comments
Used for trade

Functional dimension

Functional scope
  • Public domains
  • Everyday domains
  • Private domains
Nature
complementary
Stability
Decreasing

Functional use in administration

Language use in administration
  • International level
  • National level
  • Regional level
  • Local level
  • Auxiliary use
  • No use

Types of language use

  • signed / spoken use
  • written use
  • digital use

Language is used for

  • Census data
  • Census surveys
  • Election processes
  • Topographical signs
Comments
Class: Niger-Congo,
Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Northwest, A, Ewondo-Fang (A.72). Dialects: Badjia (Bakja, Bakjo), Bafeuk, Bamvele (Mvele, Yesoum, Yezum), Bane, Beti, Fong, Mbida-Bani, Mvete (Mvele), Mvog-Niengue, Omvang, Yabekolo(Yebekolo), Yabeka, Yabekanga, Enoah, Evouzok, Yangafek. It is intelligible of Bulu [bum],Eton [eto], and Fang [fan] as part of the Beti group. Lg Use: Most also use Eton [eto]. Most also use French [fra]. Many also use Bulu [bjl]. Some also use English [eng]. Used as L2 by Bulu [bum], Elip [ekm], Eton [eto], Fang [fan], Gbaya-Mbodomo [gmm], Gyele [gyi], Koonzime [ozm], Mengisa [mct], Mmaala [mmu], Mpumpong [mgg], Nubaca [baf], Tunen [tvu], Yangben [yav]. Lg Dev: Literacy rate in L2: 15%–25%. Taught in a few primary schools in Yaoundé; taught as subject in most other schools (2021 SIL). Dictionary. Grammar. Texts. Bible: 1962–2012. Writing: Latin script

Ethnoculture

  • No use
  • Informal learning
  • Skills and knowledge
  • Performing arts
  • Social practices
  • Customary law
  • Traditional medicine
  • Knowledge and practices
  • Traditions and expressions

Formal Education

Primary level
Type of language use in education
  • Medium of instruction
  • Immersion teaching
  • Teaching subject
  • Occasionally used
  • Symbolically used

Public healthcare

  • Language not used
  • Translations
  • Healthcare information
  • Nursing care (incl. elderly)
  • Doctor-patient communication
  • Generally used

Information, communication and cultural production

  • Information services
  • Broadcasting
  • Video, film
  • Sound/music recording
  • Publishing activities
  • Language not used
  • Information services
  • Broadcasting
  • Video, film
  • Sound/music recording
  • Publishing activities
  • Language not used
  • Information services
  • Broadcasting
  • Video, film
  • Sound/music recording
  • Publishing activities
  • Language not used

Digital sphere

  • Language not used
  • Texting and messaging
  • Social media
  • Blogs, web pages, e-books
  • Edutainment products and services
  • Social media have a localized interface
  • Localized web search and e-commerce services
  • Localized operating systems
  • Machine translation
  • Top level domain name
  • Language not used
  • Texting and messaging
  • Social media
  • Blogs, web pages, e-books
  • Edutainment products and services
  • Social media have a localized interface
  • Localized web search and e-commerce services
  • Localized operating systems
  • Machine translation
  • Top level domain name
  • Language not used
  • Texting and messaging
  • Social media
  • Blogs, web pages, e-books
  • Edutainment products and services
  • Social media have a localized interface
  • Localized web search and e-commerce services
  • Localized operating systems
  • Machine translation
  • Top level domain name

Legal system

Language use in the legal system
  • General use
  • Legal transactions
  • Court proceedings
  • Written submissions
  • Spoken/signed testimonies
  • Language not used

Areas of law the language is used

  • Criminal law
  • Civil law
  • Administrative law

Geographical scope of legal language use

  • Local
  • Regional
  • National
  • International

Completion