Kalanga in Zimbabwe

Speakers

52,296

Type

Location

Country

Information available

1. Basics

Names

Kalanga in Zimbabwe

Size

52,296

The Kalanga people are found in Zimbabwe, Botswana, South Africa and Mozambique.  Between 100 and 900 AD, Kalanga people had already settled in the lands now known as Zimbabwe, Mozambique, South Africa and Botswana as Bantu people, coming after the Tonga settlers. In Zimbabwe, they are found in Matabeleland South and North Provinces in districts such as Bulilima, Mangwe, Matobo (Kezi), Plumtree, Nyamandlovu and Tsholotsho. The Kalanga are known for their historical association with the UNESCO World Heritage sites of Mapungubwe, Great Zimbabwe, ( Nzimabwe), Khami and many other enclosures found in the region. This includes the yet to be fully explored Mwali of Njelele religious mythology and Malindadzimu in Matopo).  There are 52, 296 (0.4%) mother-tongue speakers of the Kalanga language in Zimbabwe.

2. Status

Status

  • Official country wide language
  • Official regional language
  • Official minority language
  • Recognised community language
  • Unrecognised community language
National language
No
Indigenous language
No

3. State

Documentation: materials

Written

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Video

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Audio

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Documentation: descriptions

Standardization

Graphisation & script encoding

4. Users

Geographical distribution

  • Users live and dominate in all regions of the country
  • Users live in one [state/...] of the country
  • Users live in a cross-border region [state/...] of the country
  • Users live in separated [states/...] of the country
  • Users live dispersed across one [state/...] of the country
  • Users live scattered all over the country
Administrative units of the country
In Zimbabwe, they are found in Matabeleland South and North Provinces in districts such as Bulilima, Mangwe, Matobo (Kezi), Plumtree, Nyamandlovu and Tsholotsho.

Size / Number of users

Number of users

52296
Source
Zimbabwe Census Report 2022
Year
2022

Users within total population

0.40000
Less than 1% use the language

PROPORTION

Actual percentage
0
Source
Zimbabwe Census Report 2022
Year
2022

Users within the reference community

Age distribution of users

percentage of members of middle generations (15-65)

Age distribution of users

0
percentage of members of young generations (< 15)

Age distribution of users

percentage of members of older generations (> 65)

Generational use

Educational attainment

No education
Early childhood education
Primary education
Lower secondary education
Higher secondary education
Tertiary education

Occupational qualifications

Elementary occupations
Plant and machine operators and assemblers
Craft and related trades workers
Skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery workers
Services and sales workers
Clerical support workers
Technicians and associate professionals
Professionals
Managers

Language competence

Language not used
Understand little, speak/sign none
Understand some, speak/sign little
Understand well, speak/sign some
Understand all, speak/sign well
Understand all, speak/sign fluently

Literacy of users

Digital use

5. Use

Socio-geographic dimension

Geographic scope
  • International
  • Supranational
  • Cross-border (states)
  • State-wide
  • Supra-regional cross-border
  • Supra-regional
  • Regional cross-border
  • Regional
  • Local
Comments
The Kalanga people are found in Zimbabwe, Botswana, South Africa and Mozambique.

Economic dimension

Functional dimension

Functional scope
  • Public domains
  • Everyday domains
  • Private domains
Functional scope
  • Public domains
  • Everyday domains
  • Private domains
Functional scope
  • Public domains
  • Everyday domains
  • Private domains

Functional use in administration

Ethnoculture

Formal Education

Early childhood education
Primary level
Lower secondary level
Higher secondary level
Tertiary level

Public healthcare

Information, communication and cultural production

Completion